Coal India Ltd is on the verge of closing a deal with US-based miner Peabody Energy that would give it a stake in four Australian coal mines along with other overseas assets.

According to the ‘The Age’ report recently, the Indian company has said that it was in the advanced stages of negotiations for the $1 billion deal.

Coal India’s foreign-venture arm Coal Videsh chief general manager Phalguni Guha said he expected the deal with Peabody to be finalised in the next “few months”.

He, however, refused to divulge the details on the Australian mines.

The deal could include assets in the United States and Indonesia as well as Australia, Guha said.

Mines that produce both thermal coal and metallurgical coal suitable for steel production are involved.

Guha said Coal India had appointed merchant bankers to assist with finalising the deal structure.

DSP Merrill Lynch is advising Coal India on the Australian aspects of the deal, he said.

“About six months back we invited expressions of interest from companies willing to establish linkages with Coal India Limited,” he said, adding “Based on that, we got a number of offers and we selected some of them and invited them to come to India to make a presentation on what structure they had in mind and what they wanted to offer Coal India.”

According to Industry experts, several major international miners responded to Coal India’s invitation to form “strategic partnerships” including Rio Tinto, Hancock, Anglo Coal Australia and Xstrata.

Guha said the company had “a lot of money” and would explore other opportunities in Australia once the Peabody deal was signed.

“After we complete this deal we will take stock of the situation and then again start the same process,” he said.”There are a lot of possibilities. First we are going for Peabody.” news source : indiatimes.com

Coal India Ltd (CIL) plans to invest Rs 6,000 crore in foreign acquisitions this financial year and is currently evaluating 10 overseas proposals that include five proposals for equity infusion. The proposals cover mining assets in countries such as the US, Australia and Indonesia.

“In addition to our capex plan of Rs 3,800 crore for 2010-11, we have earmarked Rs 6,000 crore for foreign acquisitions this financial year. Right now, we are evaluating five proposals from companies in the US, Australia and Indonesia,” CIL Chairman P S Bhattacharyya told reporters here.

Bhattacharya said the US-based Peabody Energy Corp is one of the companies that had offered to work in partnership with CIL, either through equity stake or forming a joint venture with an offtake contract. “We are working to close some of the deals in the next four to five months,” he said, adding altogether 10 proposals from five companies were taken for due diligence out of the 30 proposals received from eight large companies in response to its global expression of interest (EoI) floated in July 2009 for selecting strategic partners for overseas acquisitions.

He said the PSU would invest about $2 billion (about Rs 9,000 crore) over the next four years in foreign acquisitions and expected 50 million tonnes per annum coal from such ventures to meet the domestic demand.

CIL is also looking at an initial public offer in August, though it will be a purely offloading of equity by the government and no fresh infusion into the company. “We are awaiting government clearance. We want to file the draft red herring prospectus by June 15,” said Bhattacharya. The government plans to sell 10 per cent stake in CIL to raise about Rs 12,000 crore.

On the opposition from the trade unions, he was confident that it would be overcome. He said the Department of Disinvestment has been able to manage special dispensation, whereby employees of CIL subsidiary will be allowed to buy shares in the parent company on preferential terms.

The company clocked more than one and half times increase in net profit at Rs 8,312 crore in 2009-10 against Rs 3,435.87 crore in 2008-09. Its profit was lower last year on account of pay revision arrears amounting to Rs 3,216.5 crore.

The chairman said it was for the second time since the formation of CIL that all its subsidiaries, including ECL and BCCL, had reported profit. source from sify.com

Plans for a coal power plant in the Malaysian state of Sabah in northern Borneo have run into stiff opposition. Environmentalists say the coal plant could damage extensive coral reef systems, pollute water supplies, open rainforests to mining, and contribute to global climate change, undercutting Sabah’s image as a ‘green’ destination. The federal government contends that the coal plant is necessary to fix Sabah’s energy problems. However, a recent energy audit by the Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory (RAEL) at the University of California Berkeley shows that pollution-intensive coal doesn’t have to be in Sabah’s future.

“We found that energy efficiency, biofuels, hydropower, and geothermal provide immediate advantages for the region over fossil fuels, and that in time both solar and ocean energy could provide even more energy than coal, while building jobs and a clean environment,” Professor Daniel Kammen, head of the energy analysis and director of RAEL, told mongabay.com.
 
Commissioned by Green SURF (Sabah Unite to Re-power the Future), a coalition of NGOs that oppose the planned 300 megawatt coal plant, Kammen examined Sabah’s energy options, including traditional fossil fuels, biomass waste, hydropower, solar, wind, and geothermal. The analysis also looked at the cost of each of these options to consumers, taking into consideration that an independent energy producer would require a certain return on their investment.

Alternatives

The study found that using biomass waste from Sabah’s extensive oil palm plantations could provide a significant boost in energy to the state while being cost competitive with coal. This solution would also deal with a waste-disposal problem for the oil palm plantations.

“The large scale of palm oil, and other biomasses means that this ‘waste’ is a huge resource,” says Kammen, though he also stresses that oil palm plantations are not without their own environmental problems.

“The challenge is not the technology, but in managing a wider issue, the growth in palm oil estates that have their own significant negative impacts on the region, despite their economic benefits,”

Using 2008 data from the palm oil industry, Kamman’s report found that by 2020 oil palm waste could provide a staggering 700 megawatts. Four hundred megawatts (a hundred more than the planned coal plant) would be achievable under a proposed 4-year-program.

 
Sunset over the Tabin Reserve rainforest. Environmentalists fear that a new coal plant near Tabin could damage the rainforest through acid rain and deforestation for transmission lines. Photo by Jeremy Hance. 
Hydropower was also found to be a cost-competitive with coal and more environmentally friendly, while geothermal was found to be only slightly more expensive than coal. A location has already been identified on the east coast of Sabah for a 67 megawatt geothermal power plant. Yet, Kammen, adds that Sabah shouldn’t rule out solar energy.

“Solar energy is a far better, but a bit longer-term resource, than is widely appreciated today,” he says.

The cheapest way forward is to pursue reduction in energy demand overall notes the analysis.

Coal fears

Despite the many environmental problems known to accompany coal power, the coal plant is being pushed both by the federal Tenaga Nasional Berhad and the state energy company, Sabah Electricity Sdn. Bhd.

Opposition from locals has forced the coal plant to move its location—twice. Now, the plan is to build it on Sabah’s east coast, directly on top of the Coral Triangle, an area known for astounding marine biodiversity. In addition, conservationists fear the coal plant’s transmissions will cut through some of the region’s last intact rainforest in Tabin Wildlife Reserve, home to a number of endangered species including the Bornean orangutan and the Sumatran rhino.

Environmentalists also warn that sulfur dioxide emissions from burning the coal could trigger acid rain that would impact nearby rainforests and agriculture. In addition, discharge of chlorine sulfates into the ocean would boost the likelihood of regional eutrophication and algal blooms, resulting in massive marine die-off. Currently, the area is home to many fishermen who depend on the oceans for their livelihood.

Locals have said that they fear the coal plant will turn the east coast of Sabah into America’s coal states, where water pollution, air pollution, coal ash dumps, deforestation, and destructive mining have devastated the local environment and wildlife. They point to the coal ash spill in Tennessee in 2008 as an example of what they don’t want to become.

 
Moving forward

At Copenhagen last December, the Prime Minister of Malaysia, Datuk Seri Najib Razak, pledged a 40 percent cut in carbon dioxide intensity by 2020. By moving forward on coal energy, Malaysia would make meeting this goal even more difficult, since coal is the most carbon intensive of the fossil fuels.

Kammen says that the choice between coal and renewable energy doesn’t have to be an either/or choice: either cheap or expensive, either job-creation or job-loss.

“The people of Sabah are keenly aware of the need for jobs, and of their incredible natural resource base. Renewable energy supports that positive development, and a coal project in the region fights that positive, clean, growth,” he says.

Sabah, its people, and its policymakers are facing a decision similar to many places of the world: how do we move ahead on energy? Kammen says that if Sabah chooses renewable energy over traditional fossil fuels it could help spark a clean energy revolution.

“That economies in all parts of the world can look carefully at their resources, develop partnerships, and build a clean energy, job creating path, that protects the natural legacy of each state and province, and our shared global legacy to leave the world a better place for our children than we found it. So far, our society, globally, has not lived up to that charge,” he explains, adding that “Sabah can take a stand, profit from the choice, and chart a new path.”

To facilitate this ‘new path’, a forum is being held on Friday, March 20th to discuss energy production in Sabah and allow the public to air their views. Green SURF, the Sabah Electricty Sdn Bhd (SESB), and the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOD) will be in attendance. source : news.mongabay.com

Coal India shortlists miners in Australia, Indonesia, US; imports to continue for foreseeable future; domestic coal prices to rise, supply growth restricted

Mumbai: State-run Coal India, the world’s largest coal miner, is moving swiftly towards signing strategic alliances to help fill India’s yawning coal supply-demand gulf, its director of marketing said on Wednesday. They would be in the form of equity or offtake deals with major coal mining firms in Indonesia, Australia and the United States and it has shortlisted 10 producers, A K Sarkar told Reuters on the sidelines of the Coaltrans conference in Mumbai.

India’s coal shortages have affected a range of industries including aluminium smelting and caused power plant coal stocks to shrink to two or three days’ worth. “The thirst is for equity and we are going full steam ahead,” Sarkar said in an interview. “We would prefer not to sign purely offtake deals, we want security of coal supply.”

Security of supply would best be guaranteed by owning all or part of existing or new mines, he added. To this end, Coal India has shortlisted 10 major coal producers and will take three months to carry out due diligence and decide which alliances to seriously pursue, he said.

Coal India is looking at three alliance models: equity in existing mines; pure offtake deals and joint ventures to develop new mines and deals will be signed with producers “sooner rather than later,” Sarkar said. Some of the coal producers with whom Coal India is in talks will be able to supply coal this year and some next year, he said, stressing the urgency of getting coal flowing rapidly.

India’s coal shortfall for 2010-2011 is 81 million tonnes but Coal India will fill only a portion of that as instructed by the Central Electricity Authority, Sarkar said.In February, Coal India subsidiary Western Coalfields said Coal India w ould import 6-10 million tonnes in 2010-11, up from around 1.5 million in the previous year.

Imports to continue strong

India has no choice but to import coal for the foreseeable future, at least five years, despite Coal India’s efforts to ramp up domestic coal output, Sarkar said. “Imports are a reality and will increase or decrease depending on how much we can increase our output but definitely imports will continue for the forseeable future, at least five years and will increase year to year,” he said.It is too early to discuss the structure of equity deals in exchange for coal or pricing for offtake agreements, Sarkar said, but the higher cost of imports would need to be reflected in domestic coal prices paid by end-users.

“There is a cost component for imported coal – domestic coal is less than 50% the cost of imports – and also Indian coal is a depleting energy resource, this must also be taken into account,” he said. India has vast coal reserves in the east of the country but strict environmental laws and the difficulty of developing mines where there are towns and villages restricts Coal India’s ability to boost output, Sarkar said. “The fact is, in India, land is almost a raw material. People do not want to move but you need land to get at the coal,” he said. source : livemint.com

State-owned China Power Investment Corp., one of the country’s five main power generators, plans 2010 capital expenditure roughly similar to last year’s levels, a senior official with the company said Wednesday.

The company’s coal imports will be higher this year, due partly to an agreement to import two million tons of Russian coal, but “capital expenditure this year will be close to last year,” said Lu QiZhou, general manager of China Power Investment Corp, without giving figures.

Lu was speaking on the sidelines of the annual session of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, an advisory body to the government.

On Feb. 20, Xinhua News Agency reported that China Power Investment Corp. plans in 2010 to increase its installed generating capacity to 70 gigwatts, from 60 gigawatts last year.

In late January, government-backed industry newspaper the China Electric News reported that the company made a 2009 profit of CNY3.2 billion ($469 million), with help from a 23% increase in its electricity output.

The company had a loss of CNY6.9 billion in 2008, the newspaper reported. It didn’t say whether the figures were net or pretax.

-Wan Xu contributed to this article; Dow Jones Newswires; 8610-84007799; wan.xu@dowjones.com

Batubara Indonesia di Tahun 2010. Asosiasi Pertambangan Batubara Indonesia (APBI) memprediksi, produksi batubara akan mencapai 280 juta ton pada tahun depan.

Ketua Umum APBI Bob Kamandanu mengatakan, jika realisasi produksi tersebut tercapai, maka akan melampaui target dari pemerintah sebesar 250 juta ton.

”Untuk 2010, produksi batubara bisa mencapai 280 juta ton, lebih tinggi dari target pemerintah sekitar 250 juta ton,” ujarnya di Jakarta, Jumat (23/10/09).

Bob yang juga Presiden Direktur Berau Coal itu mengemukakan, pada tahun ini, produksi batubara juga bisa melampaui target pemerintah yang hanya 230 juta ton. Sampai akhir tahun ini, produksi batubara diramal bisa mencapai 260 juta ton.

”Pasar ekspor masih tetap ke India, China, Jepang, untuk kebutuhan power plant. Sementaera konsumen domestik tetap didominasi PLN,” terangnya.

Direktur Jenderal Mineral Batubara dan Panas Bumi Bambang Setiawan menjelaskan pada 2010 kemampuan konsumsi batubara PLN akan meningkat. Jika sekarang kebutuhan batubara PLN sekitar 40-45 juta ton, pada 2010 PLN diperkirakan mencapai 60-70 juta ton.

Tahun ini, kata Bambang, produksi batubara Indonesia masih diperkirakan mencapai 230 juta ton, di mana 68,5 juta ton di antaranya dipasok untuk kebutuhan domestik. Dari angka 68,5 juta ton tersebut, sekitar 45-46 juta ton di antaranya dialokasikan untuk kebutuhan pembangkit.

China was still suffering from coal shortage because of the lingering cold weather and electricity rationing continued in five provinces and municipalities, including the country’s major coal producer Shanxi Province.

As of Sunday, coal reserves in 598 major power plants were decreasing and could sustain for nine days. Coal storages in 205 power plants could not run for seven days, a national alarming level, according to the National Power Dispatch and Communication Center.

The situation worsened in 11 percent of the power plants, which would shut production at any time as coal reserves could not support for three days of power generation.

On Sunday, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Hubei and Chongqing continued electricity rationing because of power shortage.

Because of a cold snap, temperature in parts of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, northern China and northeastern China was expected to fall by six to eight degrees Celsius between Monday and Tuesday, according to the China Meteorological Administration.

Some regions in southern China would experience small or moderate snow falls during the period, the administration forecast.  ( source : xinhuanet )

We will review the coal business in the year 2010. National coal production increase and expectations of rising demand in global markets makes the industry in this sector never lost interested. Not only local investors but also foreign.

Indonesian Coal Mining Association (APBI) believed that the local coal production this year as a whole could reach 250 million tons. That number increases, where coal production in 2010 is expected to reach 270 million tons.

On the other hand, countries exporting energy resources, now visible from taking a position in Indonesia. One was China, which will begin to look to coal mining companies in the country for cooperation. In addition to meet the needs of fuel for electricity, as well as to diversify its foreign exchange reserves.

Let’s say China Investment Corporation (CIC) which signed an investment agreement worth U.S. $ 1.9 billion or approximately USD 19 trillion in a format similar debt instruments to PT Bumi Resources (BUMI).
As one of the largest investment institutions and the world’s leading, CIC see business prospects are promising coal in Indonesia. EARTH management in addition to the IDX information stated the transaction was not material because the form of refinancing transactions (refinancing), so this investment is not considered a new loan.
The remaining funds will be used for expansion of coal production is now Earth is 60 million tonnes to 100 million tons (2011-2012).

Loan guarantees in the form of shares in the company EARTH coal (estimated KPC and Arutmin)
Local companies did not want to miss. One of them is PT AKR Corporindo (AKRA) which is currently doing due diligence process of PT Anugrah Karya Raya, which moves in the mining sector.
This action to support the expansion in the future. On May 5 last, lien agreements AKRA shares of PT Jakarta Tank Terminal (JTT) associated with underwriting transactions credit facility of U.S. $ 60 million.
It also sparked interest in the positive performance shown some issuers of coal in the ground water. One of them shares of PT Indo Tambangraya Megah (ITMG), which in the first half yesterday, was also quite positive, with net profit rising 129%. Then the business margin increased from 19% to 32%, while average selling price (ASP) rose from U.S. $ 60 to U.S. $ 79 per ton.
Vice President, Research & Analysis Valbury securities Nico Omer Jonckheere still recommends buying shares of some coal, related to the increase in leverage biggest coal prices. He also ITMG price target to reach USD 41,700. Investors can buy on weakness at the level of Rp 24,200, he explained.

Other stocks are recommended Nico PT Adaro Energy (ADRO), following the company’s plan to obtain a loan of U.S. $ 500 million from the syndication of local banks and 12 foreign and possible purchase of 3 million tons of coal ADRO by Indonesia Power to meet the needs of 3400 MW power plant in front. We recommend a buy with a target price of Rp 2675, he said.

According to him, the company’s performance posiitif enough, with a net profit of 1507% increase, with business margin increased from 21.4% to 38.2%. In addition, the company also plans to acquire coal mines owned by BHP Billiton and increase production to 80 million tons / year.

Coal business will be more developed, new investors will enter the coal business. Buying and selling of coal in Indonesia will get better, with the supply of coal for local needs and to export coal to Overseas. We, also coalinvestors.com Finding New Investors on Business Coal, for it please contact us for details.

Asia Coal Power in Indonesia Discusses New Mining Law, Coal and Power Sectors as Investments Pour into Coalmines to Secure Supplies. Asia Coal Power pinpoints growing power demand in Asia & Power sector investments in Indonesia’s coalmines to ensure security of supply through implementation of Indonesia’s new mining law. Tata Power, Meiya Power & top regulators will aslo address conference on Jan 20-21, 2010.

Indonesia is the venue of an international conference on “Asia Coal Power” that will highlight the growing demand for power in Asia, Indonesia’s growing prominence as the region’s leading coal exporter, and the growing trend of vertical integration with power players investing in coalmines to ensure security of supply.

The conference convenes on January 20-21, 2010 at the Gran Meliá Hotel in Jakarta. The conference will also focus on the growing domestic power demand in Indonesia. PT PLN recently predicted Indonesia’s energy demand will rise from 272 TWh (terawatt hours) in 2009, to 325 TWh in 2018, and coal-steam power plants will account for 60 per  
Spearheading discussions on emerging trends in Asia’s power sector is Mr. Minesh Dave, Chief Representative (Indonesia) of India’s largest IPP Tata Power. India has almost 8% annual power demand growth, and it’s demand for imported coal is expected to reach 43 million tons because of short domestic supply. Mr. Dave will share on Tata’s investments in Indonesian coal mines, and discuss the Project Feasibility & Challenges of Vertical Integration. Providing perspectives from the power sector, Mr. Dave will touch on opportunities, project development cycle, role of fuel, Risks and more.

In addition, China, which became a net coal importer in 2009, could drive up Power-station coal prices across Asia in 2010 because of the increasing demand and supply constraints. Invited to present an overview on the future of Chinese coal power projects at the conference is Mr. Hok Leung, Sr. Vice President (Corporate Development) at leading Chinese IPP Meiya Power Co. Ltd.

The conference will also focus on the growing domestic power demand in Indonesia. PT PLN recently predicted Indonesia’s energy demand will rise from 272 TWh (terawatt hours) in 2009, to 325 TWh in 2018, and coal-steam power plants will account for 60 percent of the supply.

At Asia Coal Power, PT PLN & Indonesia’s Ministry of Energy & Mineral Resources are slated to address the revitalization of IPPs involvement in Indonesia’s next phase of coal power projects in their sessions covering the Liberalization of Indonesia’s power sector, and the latest trends in Indonesia’s domestic power markets. Also on the agenda, is a session by Mr. Bob Kamandanu, President Director of PT Berau Coal & Chairman of Indonesian Coal Mining Association on the Coal Mining Industry in Indonesia.

Other invited panellists at Asia Coal Power include senior representatives fromBhakti Energy Persada Group, Japan Bank for International Cooperation, PricewaterhouseCoopers, PT Coalindo Energy, Asia Renewables, Platts, Herbert Smith, Vinacomin, Coeclerici plus others. They will discuss competitive strategies of coal mining companies in a competitive landscape, coal pricing in Asia, project financing in a tight credit environment, tax and legal issues in coal mining investments, and key coal power markets outlook in China, India, Indonesia & Vietnam.

Asia Coal Power will play an important role in providing a platform for power generation and coal companies to meet, interact and establish business contacts and direct communications with the international delegation, local Indonesian coal companies, regional regulators, experts and many more.

Attend Asia Coal Power for Indonesia’s mining law and its impact on the coal and power industry and investments.

Asia Coal Power is now accepting registrations for the conference, as well as enquiries on sponsorship packages, media partnerships and exhibition space. For further enquiries, contact Ms Lee Lin at +65-63469146.

Over the last decade the Indonesian government, faced with at least a short to medium-term decline in domestic oil and gas production, has adopted a policy of attempting to diversify its domestic energy sources. In January 2004 the Indonesian government announced its National Coal Policy which aims to boost the development of coal-fired power stations and dramatically increase coal exports. This policy co-incided with Indonesia becoming a net oil importer.

While approximately 8% of Indonesia’s electricity is generated from hydropower, further developments are likely to be limited due to the high capital costs, limited infrastructure and environmental and social concerns. While the country currently has no operating nuclear power stations, in March 2008 the State Minister for Research and Technology, Kusmayanto Kadiman, optimistically proclaimed that the government would build four 1,2000 megawatt nuclear power stations in the next 17 years. It is proposed that the first of the plants would be operational by 2016/2017. However, with the presidential election due in 2009 and strong local opposition to nuclear power, it is uncertain how far the proposals will progress.

Since the early 1990’s Indonesian coal mining has grown dramatically. The World Coal Institute states that in 2005 Indonesia mined 152.2 million tonnes of which 27% was used domestically with the remainder exported. It is now the world’s second largest coal exporter behind Australia and is a major supplier to Asian countries. ABARE reports that between “1988 and 2005, thermal coal exports from Indonesia increased by an average of around 23 per cent a year.”

Coal Exports

ABARE, the Australian government’s resources agency, reports that 2006 Indonesia exported 170 million tonnes of thermal coal and estimated that this would grow to 186 million tonnes in 2007 and 201 million tonnes in 2008.

In an earlier review on the global coal trade, ABARE analyst Alan Copeland noted that thermal coal exports from Indonesia were estimated to have grown by approximately 33% in each of 2004, 2005 and 2006. “The growth in Indonesia’s exports reflects the ability of its coal industry to respond to the rapid growth in Asian demand for thermal coal, supported by unconstrained transport and port capacity. A significant proportion of coal transport in Indonesia is water based, which allows for coal to be transported along rivers via barges to the open sea for loading on to larger vessels,” he wrote.

However, a spin off to the dramatic rise in coal demand is the rise of illegal mining. In September 2005 the Washington Post reported on the staggering scale of coal-laden trucks — which are notionally banned from public roads — going all-night from “from scores of often-illegal mines” on their way to a local port. An anonymous senior official in Indonesia’s Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources raised doubt about the accuracy of the Indonesian government’s official export figures. “I bet no one has current and accurate data about what is happening out there,” he said.

The World Coal Institute estimates that of the 107.3 million tonnes exported in 2005, 89 million tonnes was steam coal with the remainder being coking coal.

ABARE lists the main destinations for Indonesian thermal coal as being.

- Japan (approximately 25%);
- Chinese Taipei (17%)
- India (15%); and
- the Republic of Korea (13%).
Copeland also notes that India imports Indonesian low-ash coal for blending with its higher-ash content domestic coals.

In 2008, 997,370 tons of Indonesian coal was burned at the Bridgeport Harbor power plant in Bridgeport, Connecticut.

Domestic Consumption and Coal-Fired Power Stations

Between 1993 and 2003 there has been a 78% growth in domestic power generation capacity. (See Indonesia and coal/Installed electrical generating capacity). According to the WCI just over 48% of the capacity is from coal-fired power stations. In 2004 31 million tonnes of coal was used in power generation with a further 10 million tonnes for direct use by industry.

The rapid increase in coal-fired generating capacity is set to continue. PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN), the state-owned electricity utility, has proposed plans to add an additional 10,000 megawatts of coal-fired capacity by 2011.[10] However, the U.S. government’s Energy Information Administration is sceptical that the proposals, which seek private sector involvement, will come to much. “However,” the EIA wrote in a review of Indonesia’s energy generation sector, “foreign investors have largely avoided the Indonesian power sector in recent years due to the poor financial condition of PT PLN and the uncertain regulatory climate in the electricity sector.”[11] However, one driver of increased domestic coal consumption will be plans by PLN to convert a number of oil-fired power stations to coal-fired.

The most recent power stations that have come online are:

- the first 300 megawatt unit of the Cilacap plant; and
- the 1.3 gigawatt Tanjung Jati B plant.
Other coal-fired power stations in operation are:

- Paiton power station in eastern Java.